Abstract:
Elizabeth Taylor is breathing with the help of a ventilator after undergoing surgery aimed at determining the cause of pneumonia that has kept her hospitalized for three weeks, her physicians said on Monday. In a prepared statement, Miss Taylor doctors said she was admitted to St. Johns Hospital last week for treatment of the pneumonia, and was listed in serious condition in the hospital's intensive-care unit. Miss Taylor's four children, Maria Burton-Carson, Liza Todd-Tivey and Christopher and Michael Wilding were with her at the hospital. Dr. John Mohler, of the USC School of Medicine said the biopsy will dictate what therapy to use.
Introduction:
Elizabeth Taylor is breathing with the assistance of a ventilator after 
undergoing surgery aimed at determining the cause of pneumonia that has kept 
her hospitalized for three weeks, her physicians said Monday. 

The Academy Award-winning actress was admitted to St. John's Hospital in Santa 
Monica last week for treatment of the pneumonia, and was listed in serious 
condition in the hospital's intensive-care unit on Monday, her doctors said in 
a prepared statement. 

"She is seriously ill and on Sunday underwent a lung biopsy to further 
determine the cause of her pneumonia," the physicians' statement said. "After 
surgery, her breathing is now being assisted by a ventilator. 

"Her condition is presently stabilizing, and her physicians are pleased with 
her progress." 

The statement provided no additional details of Taylor's condition, and 
hospital officials declined to comment beyond the statement. 

Lisa del Favero, a New York City publicist for Taylor, said the actress is 
"seriously ill, but she's not on her deathbed. We're not talking about anything 
terminal." 

Taylor's doctors expect to have results of the biopsy by Thursday, she said. 

Del Favero said Taylor's four children -- Maria Burton-Carson, Liza Todd-Tivey 
and Christopher and Michael Wilding -- were with her at the hospital. 

Taking a biopsy on the actress is called Sutton's law in medicine, after 
legendary holdup man Willie (the Actor) Sutton who said he robbed banks 
"because that's where the money is," said Dr. John G. Mohler, a pulmonary 
disease specialist at the USC School of Medicine. 

"If you don't know what the trouble is, you grab a biopsy and study it, because 
that's where the problem is," Mohler explained. "The problem is not easily 
found another way. 

"You study the biopsy because that will dictate your therapy. If they (took a 
biopsy), I'm sure she was not responding to antibiotics." 

Mohler said Taylor's doctors are taking a prudent course by placing her on a 
ventilator. 

She suffered a near-fatal bout of pneumonia in 1961, and Mohler said "it would 
seem that there is something basically wrong with her lung structure or 
function. When she gets pneumonia, apparently it's more severe." 

Emphasizing that he has no personal familiarity with the actress's case, Mohler 
said he does not "blame her doctors for being conservative. Placing her on a 
ventilator would be a prudent and conservative thing to do, even if she didn't 
have any difficulty. It may just be a precautionary step in this case." 

Taylor, 58, entered Daniel Freeman Marina Hospital in Marina del Rey on April 
10 suffering what her publicist then described as a "severe sinus infection." 
She was transferred to St. John's April 16 when her condition worsened. 

Dr. Patricia Murray, an infectious disease specialist, said in a statement last 
week that Taylor had pneumonia and was "being treated intravenously with 
antibiotics and will remain hospitalized (indefinitely)." 

Taylor has been plagued with health problems for years, particularly recurring 
back troubles that began with a fall from a horse during filming of the 1945 
movie "National Velvet." 

In 1983, she acknowledged a 35-year addiction to sleeping pills and painkillers 
prescribed for a wide range of health problems. Taylor has been treated for 
alcohol and drug abuse problems at the Betty Ford Clinic. 

